New NIS-2 Law in Germany Expands Cybersecurity Oversight and Introduces Heavy Fines
Germany is taking decisive steps to strengthen its cybersecurity framework following the rise of digital threats. Last month, the Bundestag adopted the NIS-2 Implementation Act, translating the EU NIS-2 Directive (Directive (EU) 2022/2555) into national law. Published in the Federal Law Gazette on 5 December 2025 and in force since 6 December 2025, the Act modernizes the country’s IT security legislation and broadens the range of entities subject to regulatory oversight. The Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) is tasked with supervision and enforcement under the Act, coordinating cybersecurity across federal agencies in its role as the CISO Bund. The law applies to industrial production, including electronics, machinery, vehicles, and other transport systems. Obligations generally target companies with at least 50 employees or that meet specific revenue and balance sheet thresholds. Certain sensitive sectors, such as telecommunications and digital services, ...